Pre-Test The Road to MDD and PPD Remission: A Look at Novel Treatments for Episodic and Chronic Depression Pre-Test In addition to low response/remission rates, which of the following factors commonly associated with a lack of adherence to long-term/chronic antidepressant pharmacotherapy may be best addressed by emerging innovative therapies designed to increase glutamate and GABA neurotransmitter function? Acute and chronic side effects Complexity of treatment regimen Delayed onset of action Fears of addiction Unsure Which of the following rapidly up-regulate glutamate synapse density, synaptic protein levels (ie, PSD95, GluA1, VGLUTs), and function, and also increase GABA function, including increased VGAT, GAD, and gephyrin? NMDA antagonists (ketamine, esketamine) SNRIs (venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine, duloxetine) SSRIs (fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, citalopram, and escitalopram) Others (bupropion, mirtazapine, vortioxetine, vilazodone, levomilnacipran, trazodone) Deficits of GABA, combined with evidence that fluctuations of neuroactive steroids contribute to depression, have led to development of GABAergic agents, including formulations of allopregnanolone, which employ which of the following mechanisms? Enhancement of excitatory effects of GABAergic neurons Downregulation of allopregnanolone Positive allosteric modulation of GABAergic neurotransmission Reduced expression of GABA synthesizing enzymes Unsure Which of the following, taken orally for 14 days, has demonstrated statistically significant differences in change from baseline in HAMD-17 total scores at Day 15 in numerous studies of women with PPD, and of women and men with MDD. Brexanolone Ganaxolone Nandrolone Zuranolone Unsure How confident are you in your ability to implement GABA-targeted therapy for patients with MDD or PPD when appropriate? Very confident Confident Somewhat confident Not very confident Not at all confident
